Bodybuilding training may change you, the color of your face turns red and many things increase: sweating, heartbeat, lungs, your vigilance.But while we all know that staying physically active is essential for a long and healthy life, we do not know concretely what is happening in our body.
Here is what happens in the body when you exercise:
The diaphragm
Like any muscle, the diaphragm can get tired by repeating large breathing movements. Some claim that diaphragm fatigue can cause spasms, causing the dreaded side-point. (Others argue that the sided spot is due to spasm of ligaments around the diaphragm, while others believe that spasms come from the nerves that run from the upper back to the abdomen and are caused by bad posture!). Deep breathing and stretching can relieve this discomfort in the middle of a workout.
The heart
When you exercise, the heart rate increases to circulate more oxygen (through blood) at a faster pace. The more you train, the more effective the heart becomes, so that you can work harder and longer. In the long run, regular training lowers the resting heart rate in fit people. Exercise also stimulates the growth of new blood vessels, which also lowers blood pressure in athletes.
The hippocampus
This part of the brain is heavily involved in learning and memory, and it's one of the only sections of the brain that can make new brain cells. Training facilitates this process, thanks to the extra oxygen sent into the brain. Even when you stop exercising, these new brain cells survive, while many other changes in the brain during exercise eventually return to their normal state if you become less active.
Pituitary gland
This control center in the brain alerts the adrenal glands to pump the hormones needed for movement. It also releases growth hormone. As the body searches for more energy to burn after using glycogen stores, it then turns to muscle and fat as a source of fuel. Growth hormone is a kind of safety for the muscles, influencing the body to burn fat rather than muscle to produce energy.
Kidneys
The rate at which blood is filtered through the kidneys can change depending on your level of effort. After intense exercise, the kidneys allow higher levels of protein to be filtered through the urine. They also trigger a greater reabsorption of water, resulting in less urine, so as to stay hydrated as much as possible.
Skin
As you speed up the pace, the body, like any engine, produces heat and needs to cool off. The blood vessels of the skin expand, which increases blood flow to the skin. The heat then dissipates through the skin in the air.